Which type of mastectomy involves the removal of breast tissue and lymph nodes under the arm?

The option that involves the removal of breast tissue along with lymph nodes under the arm is axillary dissection mastectomy. This procedure typically targets not only the breast tissue but also the axillary lymph nodes, which are crucial for determining the spread of breast cancer. Axillary dissection is often performed as part of a larger surgical treatment plan to manage breast cancer, especially when lymph node involvement is a concern. The removal of lymph nodes provides essential information about the cancer’s stage and potential treatment decisions moving forward.

In contrast, a simple mastectomy primarily involves the removal of breast tissue alone without routine removal of the lymph nodes in the armpit area. A radical mastectomy is a more extensive procedure that removes breast tissue, lymph nodes, and chest muscle, making it more invasive. A subcutaneous mastectomy focuses on the removal of breast tissue while preserving the skin and nipple, again without the lymph node removal typically involved in a dissection. Understanding these differences is key for effective treatment planning and patient care in breast cancer management.